Development and Validation of HPTLC Method for Estimation of Kaempferol and Luteolin in Arjunarishta Formulations Prepared by Traditional and Non-Traditional Mode

Abstract

Arjunarishta is an arishta preparation that evolved through the utilisation of specific ingredients via fermentation. It safeguards and fortifies the circulatory system and optimises heart muscle function by influencing cholesterol levels and blood pressure. The analysis of kaempferol and luteolin in Arjunarishta formulations prepared by the traditional mode (AT), non-traditional modes (AI and AS), as well as in the commercial Arjunarishta version (AM), has been made reliable through the development of a simpler, error-free, and precise HPTLC approach. The isolated yeast species obtained from Madhuca indica flowers and the standard strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae SC1011 were adopted to accelerate the fermentation rate in the non-traditional Arjunarishta formulations, AI and AS, respectively. The developed HPTLC approach has been evaluated with respect to linearity, robustness, ruggedness, quantification and detection limits, and accuracy. It was found that the levels of luteolin in AI, AS, AT, and AM were 0.285%, 0.267%, 0.135%, and 0.106% w/w, respectively, and the levels of kaempferol were 0.355%, 0.361%, 0.342%, and 0.224% w/w, respectively. This documented work is the first report on the HPTLC determination of luteolin and kaempferol in Arjunarishta. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the antioxidative and protective effects of these compounds on cardiovascular health. The rigorous qualitative and quantitative analysis of kaempferol and luteolin via HPTLC not only validates the presence and concentration of these compounds but also ensures the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Arjunarishta. This scientific validation is crucial for establishing Arjunarishta as a reliable formulation for managing disorders of the circulatory system.