Phlorizin from Bauhinia blakeana Leaves: Isolation, HDAC8 Docking Analysis, Cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells, and Implications for Alzheimer's Disease
Abstract
Bauhinia blakeana leaves, an understudied medicinal plant, harbor phlorizin (PZ), a natural dihydrochalcone with antioxidant properties that might play into Alzheimer's disease pathways through glucose handling and inflammation control. This work set out to isolate PZ from B. blakeana leaves, verify its structure, test its effects on neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells, and check how it binds to HDAC8, a key epigenetic target in neurodegeneration via computational docking. PZ came out clean from silica gel chromatography (fractions 54-62, single TLC spot at Rf 0.38), confirmed by melting point 110-113°C, ESI-MS m/z 437.2 [M+H]+, diagnostic NMR peaks for aromatic/sugar protons and carbons, and FTIR for OH/CO groups. PZ docked solidly into HDAC8's active site (-4.79 kcal/mol binding energy, Ki 7.28 µM), held by H-bonds to His143 (2.8 Å), His180 (2.9 Å), and Gly206 (2.7-3.1 Å), and hydrophobic fits with Phe207/Tyr306. In cells, it slashed viability dose-dependently, down to 8% at 40 µg/mL, IC50 9.13 µg/mL, with neurites retracting and cells shrinking above 10 µg/mL. This study showed that Bauhinia blakeana leaves were a reliable source of phlorizin and that the isolated compound was structurally identical to PZ reported from other plants. Computational docking suggested that phlorizin can occupy the catalytic pocket of HDAC8 in a reasonable binding orientation, pointing to a potential interaction with epigenetic machinery. In differentiated SH‑SY5Y cells, phlorizin produced a clear, concentration‑dependent loss of viability that matched the observed morphological damage.
Keywords:
FTIR, HDAC8, MTT assay, Phlorizin, SH‑SY5Y
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Banerjee, S., Adhikari, N., Amin, S. A., & Jha, T. (2019). Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) and its inhibitors with selectivity to other isoforms: An overview. European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 164, 214-240.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.039
Batra, S., Bamrah, P. K., & Choudhary, M. (2023). Sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibition: A potential target for treatment of type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Natural and Synthetic compounds. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808X.2022.2145734
Bora-Tatar, G., Dayangaç-Erden, D., Demir, A. S., Dalkara, S., Yelekçi, K., & Erdem-Yurter, H. (2009). Molecular modifications on carboxylic acid derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors: Activity and docking studies. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 17(14), 5219-5228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.042
Cavalli, A., Bolognesi, M. L., Minarini, A., Rosini, M., Tumiatti, V., Recanatini, M., & Melchiorre, C. (2008). Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 51(3), 347-372. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm7009364
Cheung, Y. T., Lau, W. K. W., Yu, M. S., Lai, C. S. W., Yeung, S. C., So, K. F., & Chang, R. C. C. (2009). Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma as in vitro model in neurotoxicity research. Neurotoxicology, 30(1), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2008.11.001
Chhimwal, J., Goel, A., Sukapaka, M., Patial, V., & Padwad, Y. (2022). Phloretin mitigates oxidative injury, inflammation, and fibrogenic responses via restoration of autophagic flux in in vitro and preclinical models of NAFLD. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 107, 109062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109062
Dwivedi, P. S., Mole, S. S., & Shastry, C. S. (2026). The neuroprotective potential of diosgenin: an integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approach in colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s model. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, 40(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10822-026-00819-0
Ehrenkranz, J. R., Lewis, N. G., Ronald Kahn, C., & Roth, J. (2005). Phlorizin: A review. Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews, 21(1), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.532
Encinas, M., Iglesias, M., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Muhaisen, A., Cena, V., ... & Comella, J. X. (2000). Sequential treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells with retinoic acid and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gives rise to fully differentiated, neurotrophic factor‐dependent, human neuron‐like cells. Journal of Neurochemistry, 75(3), 991-1003. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750991.x
Galati, G., &O'brien, P. J. (2004). Potential toxicity of flavonoids and other dietary phenolics: significance for their chemopreventive and anticancer properties. Free radical biology and medicine, 37(3), 287-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.04.034
Gosch, C., Halbwirth, H., & Stich, K. (2010). Phloridzin: Biosynthesis, distribution and physiological relevance in plants. Phytochemistry, 71(8-9), 838-843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.03.003
Hanwell, M. D., Curtis, D. E., Lonie, D. C., Vandermeersch, T., Zurek, E., & Hutchison, G. R. (2012). Avogadro: an advanced semantic chemical editor, visualization, and analysis platform. Journal of Cheminformatics, 4(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-2946-4-17
Jalouli, M., Rahman, M. A., Biswas, P., Rahman, H., Harrath, A. H., Lee, I. S., ... & Kim, B. (2025). Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 16, 1492517. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1492517
Kim, S., Chen, J., Cheng, T., Gindulyte, A., He, J., He, S., ... & Bolton, E. E. (2021). PubChem in 2021: New data content and improved web interfaces. Nucleic Acids Research, 49(D1), D1388-D1395. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa971
Long, J. M., & Holtzman, D. M. (2019). Alzheimer disease: an update on pathobiology and treatment strategies. Cell, 179(2), 312-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001
Morris, G. M., Huey, R., Lindstrom, W., Sanner, M. F., Belew, R. K., Goodsell, D. S., & Olson, A. J. (2009). AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: Automated docking with selective receptor flexibility. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 30(16), 2785-2791. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21256
Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
Najafian, M., Jahromi, M. Z., Nowroznejhad, M. J., Khajeaian, P., Kargar, M. M., Sadeghi, M., & Arasteh, A. (2012). Phloridzin reduces blood glucose levels and improves lipids metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Molecular Biology Reports, 39(5), 5299-5306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1328-7
Ni, T., Zhang, S., Rao, J., Zhao, J., Huang, H., Liu, Y., ... & Sun, Y. (2024). Phlorizin, an important glucoside: Research progress on its biological activity and mechanism. Molecules, 29(3), 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030741
Ozkan, A. I., Yüce, K., & Aslan, N. (2026). Biological Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Wild Food Plants (WFPs) in Alpine Zones. In Conservation, Climate, and Sustainable Use in Alpine Ecosystems (pp. 279-340). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-2600-1207-9.ch011
Perrone, P., & D’Angelo, S. (2025). Hormesis and health: molecular mechanisms and the key role of polyphenols. Food Chemistry Advances, 7, 101030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2025.101030
Perumal, P., Arthanari, U., &Sanniyasi, E. (2023). Phlorizin isolated from seagrass Syringodiumisoetifolium inhibits diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in BALB/c mice. South African Journal of Botany, 155, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2023.02.002
Promprom, W., Chatan, W., Homwutthiwong, K., Apaijit, K., Cheepsunthorn, P., &Mairuae, N. (2026). Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Bauhinia thailandica Leaf Extract in Microglial Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(6), 2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062809
Rajani, M., & Kanaki, N. S. (2008). Phytochemical Standardization of Herbal Drugs and Polyherbal Formulations. In: Ramawat, K., Merillon, J. (eds) Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74603-4_19
Ribeiro, F. F., Mendonca Junior, F. J., Ghasemi, J. B., Ishiki, H. M., Scotti, M. T., & Scotti, L. (2018). Docking of natural products against neurodegenerative diseases: General concepts. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 21(3), 152-160. https://doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180313130314
Rieg, T., & Vallon, V. (2018). Development of SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitors. Diabetologia, 61(10), 2079-2086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4654-7
Sakihama, Y., Cohen, M. F., Grace, S. C., & Yamasaki, H. (2002). Plant phenolic antioxidant and prooxidant activities: Phenolics-induced oxidative damage mediated by metals in plants. Toxicology, 177(1), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00196-8
Scheltens, P., De Strooper, B., Kivipelto, M., Holstege, H., Chételat, G., Teunissen, C. E., ... & Van der Flier, W. M. (2021). Alzheimer's disease. The Lancet, 397(10284), 1577-1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4
Shalom, E. O., Faloye, K. O., Adesida, S. A., Adewole, A. H., Olatunji, O. E., Okunribido, B. I., ... &Famuyiwa, S. O. (2025). Flavonoid in All Their Therapeutic Values: An Odyssey into the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Naturally Occurring Flavonoid from Genus Bauhinia. Molecules, 30(16), 3335. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163335
Shen, S., & Kozikowski, A. P. (2016). Why hydroxamates may not be the best histone deacetylase inhibitors—what some may have forgotten or would rather forget? ChemMedChem, 11(1), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.201500486
Solanki, I., Parihar, P., Mansuri, M. L., & Parihar, M. S. (2015). Flavonoid-based therapies in the early management of neurodegenerative diseases. Advances in Nutrition, 6(1), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.007500
Son, T. G., Camandola, S., & Mattson, M. P. (2008). Hormetic dietary phytochemicals. Neuromolecular Medicine, 10(4), 236-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-008-8037-y
Tian, L., Cao, J., Zhao, T., Liu, Y., Khan, A., & Cheng, G. (2021). The bioavailability, extraction, biosynthesis and distribution of natural dihydrochalcone: Phloridzin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2), 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020962
Trott, O., & Olson, A. J. (2010). AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 31(2), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21334
Uba, A. I., & Zengin, G. (2023). Phenolic compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors: binding propensity and interaction insights from molecular docking and dynamics simulations: AI Uba and G. Zengin. Amino Acids, 55(5), 579-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03249-6
Vannini, A., Volpari, C., Gallinari, P., Jones, P., Mattu, M., Carfí, A., ... & Di Marco, S. (2007). Substrate binding to histone deacetylases as shown by the crystal structure of the HDAC8–substrate complex. The EMBO Reports, 8(9), 879-884. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7401047
Williams, R. J., & Spencer, J. P. (2012). Flavonoids, cognition, and dementia: Actions, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic utility for Alzheimer disease. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 52(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.010
Xicoy, H., Wieringa, B., & Martens, G. J. (2017). The SH-SY5Y cell line in Parkinson’s disease research: Asystematic review. Molecular Neurodegeneration, 12(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-017-0149-0
Batra, S., Bamrah, P. K., & Choudhary, M. (2023). Sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT2) inhibition: A potential target for treatment of type-2 Diabetes Mellitus with Natural and Synthetic compounds. Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 10(1), 69-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808X.2022.2145734
Bora-Tatar, G., Dayangaç-Erden, D., Demir, A. S., Dalkara, S., Yelekçi, K., & Erdem-Yurter, H. (2009). Molecular modifications on carboxylic acid derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors: Activity and docking studies. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 17(14), 5219-5228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2009.05.042
Cavalli, A., Bolognesi, M. L., Minarini, A., Rosini, M., Tumiatti, V., Recanatini, M., & Melchiorre, C. (2008). Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 51(3), 347-372. https://doi.org/10.1021/jm7009364
Cheung, Y. T., Lau, W. K. W., Yu, M. S., Lai, C. S. W., Yeung, S. C., So, K. F., & Chang, R. C. C. (2009). Effects of all-trans-retinoic acid on human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma as in vitro model in neurotoxicity research. Neurotoxicology, 30(1), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2008.11.001
Chhimwal, J., Goel, A., Sukapaka, M., Patial, V., & Padwad, Y. (2022). Phloretin mitigates oxidative injury, inflammation, and fibrogenic responses via restoration of autophagic flux in in vitro and preclinical models of NAFLD. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 107, 109062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109062
Dwivedi, P. S., Mole, S. S., & Shastry, C. S. (2026). The neuroprotective potential of diosgenin: an integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approach in colchicine-induced Alzheimer’s model. Journal of Computer-Aided Molecular Design, 40(1), 115. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10822-026-00819-0
Ehrenkranz, J. R., Lewis, N. G., Ronald Kahn, C., & Roth, J. (2005). Phlorizin: A review. Diabetes/metabolism Research and Reviews, 21(1), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.532
Encinas, M., Iglesias, M., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Muhaisen, A., Cena, V., ... & Comella, J. X. (2000). Sequential treatment of SH‐SY5Y cells with retinoic acid and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor gives rise to fully differentiated, neurotrophic factor‐dependent, human neuron‐like cells. Journal of Neurochemistry, 75(3), 991-1003. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750991.x
Galati, G., &O'brien, P. J. (2004). Potential toxicity of flavonoids and other dietary phenolics: significance for their chemopreventive and anticancer properties. Free radical biology and medicine, 37(3), 287-303. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.04.034
Gosch, C., Halbwirth, H., & Stich, K. (2010). Phloridzin: Biosynthesis, distribution and physiological relevance in plants. Phytochemistry, 71(8-9), 838-843. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.03.003
Hanwell, M. D., Curtis, D. E., Lonie, D. C., Vandermeersch, T., Zurek, E., & Hutchison, G. R. (2012). Avogadro: an advanced semantic chemical editor, visualization, and analysis platform. Journal of Cheminformatics, 4(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-2946-4-17
Jalouli, M., Rahman, M. A., Biswas, P., Rahman, H., Harrath, A. H., Lee, I. S., ... & Kim, B. (2025). Targeting natural antioxidant polyphenols to protect neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 16, 1492517. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2025.1492517
Kim, S., Chen, J., Cheng, T., Gindulyte, A., He, J., He, S., ... & Bolton, E. E. (2021). PubChem in 2021: New data content and improved web interfaces. Nucleic Acids Research, 49(D1), D1388-D1395. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkaa971
Long, J. M., & Holtzman, D. M. (2019). Alzheimer disease: an update on pathobiology and treatment strategies. Cell, 179(2), 312-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.001
Morris, G. M., Huey, R., Lindstrom, W., Sanner, M. F., Belew, R. K., Goodsell, D. S., & Olson, A. J. (2009). AutoDock4 and AutoDockTools4: Automated docking with selective receptor flexibility. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 30(16), 2785-2791. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21256
Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
Najafian, M., Jahromi, M. Z., Nowroznejhad, M. J., Khajeaian, P., Kargar, M. M., Sadeghi, M., & Arasteh, A. (2012). Phloridzin reduces blood glucose levels and improves lipids metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Molecular Biology Reports, 39(5), 5299-5306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-011-1328-7
Ni, T., Zhang, S., Rao, J., Zhao, J., Huang, H., Liu, Y., ... & Sun, Y. (2024). Phlorizin, an important glucoside: Research progress on its biological activity and mechanism. Molecules, 29(3), 741. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29030741
Ozkan, A. I., Yüce, K., & Aslan, N. (2026). Biological Effects and Phytochemical Composition of Wild Food Plants (WFPs) in Alpine Zones. In Conservation, Climate, and Sustainable Use in Alpine Ecosystems (pp. 279-340). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-2600-1207-9.ch011
Perrone, P., & D’Angelo, S. (2025). Hormesis and health: molecular mechanisms and the key role of polyphenols. Food Chemistry Advances, 7, 101030. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2025.101030
Perumal, P., Arthanari, U., &Sanniyasi, E. (2023). Phlorizin isolated from seagrass Syringodiumisoetifolium inhibits diethylnitrosamine and carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in BALB/c mice. South African Journal of Botany, 155, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2023.02.002
Promprom, W., Chatan, W., Homwutthiwong, K., Apaijit, K., Cheepsunthorn, P., &Mairuae, N. (2026). Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of Bauhinia thailandica Leaf Extract in Microglial Cells. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(6), 2809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27062809
Rajani, M., & Kanaki, N. S. (2008). Phytochemical Standardization of Herbal Drugs and Polyherbal Formulations. In: Ramawat, K., Merillon, J. (eds) Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Plants. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74603-4_19
Ribeiro, F. F., Mendonca Junior, F. J., Ghasemi, J. B., Ishiki, H. M., Scotti, M. T., & Scotti, L. (2018). Docking of natural products against neurodegenerative diseases: General concepts. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening, 21(3), 152-160. https://doi.org/10.2174/1386207321666180313130314
Rieg, T., & Vallon, V. (2018). Development of SGLT1 and SGLT2 inhibitors. Diabetologia, 61(10), 2079-2086. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-018-4654-7
Sakihama, Y., Cohen, M. F., Grace, S. C., & Yamasaki, H. (2002). Plant phenolic antioxidant and prooxidant activities: Phenolics-induced oxidative damage mediated by metals in plants. Toxicology, 177(1), 67-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00196-8
Scheltens, P., De Strooper, B., Kivipelto, M., Holstege, H., Chételat, G., Teunissen, C. E., ... & Van der Flier, W. M. (2021). Alzheimer's disease. The Lancet, 397(10284), 1577-1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4
Shalom, E. O., Faloye, K. O., Adesida, S. A., Adewole, A. H., Olatunji, O. E., Okunribido, B. I., ... &Famuyiwa, S. O. (2025). Flavonoid in All Their Therapeutic Values: An Odyssey into the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Naturally Occurring Flavonoid from Genus Bauhinia. Molecules, 30(16), 3335. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30163335
Shen, S., & Kozikowski, A. P. (2016). Why hydroxamates may not be the best histone deacetylase inhibitors—what some may have forgotten or would rather forget? ChemMedChem, 11(1), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.201500486
Solanki, I., Parihar, P., Mansuri, M. L., & Parihar, M. S. (2015). Flavonoid-based therapies in the early management of neurodegenerative diseases. Advances in Nutrition, 6(1), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.007500
Son, T. G., Camandola, S., & Mattson, M. P. (2008). Hormetic dietary phytochemicals. Neuromolecular Medicine, 10(4), 236-246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12017-008-8037-y
Tian, L., Cao, J., Zhao, T., Liu, Y., Khan, A., & Cheng, G. (2021). The bioavailability, extraction, biosynthesis and distribution of natural dihydrochalcone: Phloridzin. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(2), 962. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020962
Trott, O., & Olson, A. J. (2010). AutoDock Vina: improving the speed and accuracy of docking with a new scoring function, efficient optimization, and multithreading. Journal of Computational Chemistry, 31(2), 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.21334
Uba, A. I., & Zengin, G. (2023). Phenolic compounds as histone deacetylase inhibitors: binding propensity and interaction insights from molecular docking and dynamics simulations: AI Uba and G. Zengin. Amino Acids, 55(5), 579-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03249-6
Vannini, A., Volpari, C., Gallinari, P., Jones, P., Mattu, M., Carfí, A., ... & Di Marco, S. (2007). Substrate binding to histone deacetylases as shown by the crystal structure of the HDAC8–substrate complex. The EMBO Reports, 8(9), 879-884. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.embor.7401047
Williams, R. J., & Spencer, J. P. (2012). Flavonoids, cognition, and dementia: Actions, mechanisms, and potential therapeutic utility for Alzheimer disease. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 52(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.09.010
Xicoy, H., Wieringa, B., & Martens, G. J. (2017). The SH-SY5Y cell line in Parkinson’s disease research: Asystematic review. Molecular Neurodegeneration, 12(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-017-0149-0
Statistics
5 Views | 3 Downloads
How to Cite
Chinnamuthu, K. and Gopal, S. (2026) “Phlorizin from Bauhinia blakeana Leaves: Isolation, HDAC8 Docking Analysis, Cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells, and Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease”, International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 9(4), pp. 193-205. doi: https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2026.v09i04.012.
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
. 