Effectiveness of Cadaver Tables with Local Exhaust Ventilation in Reducing Formaldehyde Levels
Abstract
Formaldehyde, which is exposure in the workplace, is very dangerous for health, especially for students, staff and lecturers in the anatomy laboratory room. Cadaver tables with local exhaust ventilation (LEV) in previous studies were used to reduce formaldehyde levels in the anatomy room. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a cadaver table with local exhaust ventilation to reduce formaldehyde exposure. Using a pre-post study, this study showed that a cadaver table with local exhaust ventilation can reduce formaldehyde exposure significantly (p<0.001) with a confidence interval of 2.715–2.186. The percentage reduction in formaldehyde levels at each measurement point was 31% - 89% (min-max). This showed that the cadaver table with LEV was effective in reducing formaldehyde levels.
Keywords:
cadaver table, formaldehyde, local exhaust ventilation, anatomy laboratory
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Abdullahi, M. , Zagga, A. , Iseh, K. , Amutta, S. and Aliyu, D. (2014) Nasal Response from Formaldehyde Exposure Used as Cadaver Preservative among Pre-Clinical Medical Students in a Nigerian Medical College. International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, 3, 173-178. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijohns.2014.34032
Adamović, D., Čepić, Z., Adamović, S., Stošić, M., Obrovski, B., Morača, S., & Vojinović Miloradov, M. (2021). Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde and Cancer Risk Assessment in an Anatomy Laboratory. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(21), 11198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111198
Allison, J. R., Dowson, C., Pickering, K., Červinskytė, G., Durham, J., Jakubovics, N. S., & Holliday, R. (2022). Local Exhaust Ventilation to Control Dental Aerosols and Droplets. Journal of dental research, 101(4), 384–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345211056287
Asgharian, B., Price, O. T., Schroeter, J. D., Kimbell, J. S., & Singal, M. (2012). A lung dosimetry model of vapor uptake and tissue disposition. Inhalation toxicology, 24(3), 182–193. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2012.654857
Azari, M. R. and Asadi, P. (2012) ‘Occupational Exposure of a Medical School Staff to Formaldehyde in Tehran’, Tanaffos, 11(3), pp. 36–41.
BAN-PT (2021) Data Akreditasi, BAN-PT. Available at: https://www.banpt.or.id/direktori/prodi/pencarian_prodi.php
CDC and NIOSH (2013) ‘Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium - Criteria for a Recommended Standard’, p. 111. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-128/pdfs/2013_128.pdf
CDC and NIOSH (2014) Controlling Formaldehyde Exposures During Embalming. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/hazardcontrol/hc26.html (Accessed: 3 March 2022)
Demer, F., Notary, y J. R. (1999) ‘Effective Local Exhaust Ventilation for Controlling Formaldehyde Exposures in a Gross Anatomy Laboratory’, En AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765021 .
Health and Safety Authority Ireland (HSAI) (2014) Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) Guidance. Dublin: The Health & Safety Authority. Available at: https://www.hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Occupational_Health/Local_Exhaust_Ventilation_LEV_Guidance.pdf
Kunugita, N. et al. (2004) ‘Evaluation of Formaldehyde Exposure During A Gross Anatomy Dissection Course’, Journal of UOEH, 26(3), 337–48. https://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.26.337
Liteplo RG, et al. (2002) Formaldehyde. Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety; 2002. [18 May 2010]. (Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 40) (http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm.
Lorenzoni, D. C. et al. (2017) ‘Could formaldehyde induce mutagenic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells during anatomy classes?’, Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 22(1), e58–e63. https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.21492
Nielsen, G. D., Larsen, S. T. and Wolkoff, P. (2013) ‘Recent trend in risk assessment of formaldehyde exposures from indoor air’, Archives of Toxicology, 87(1), 73–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0975-3
Nielsen, G. D., Larsen, S. T. and Wolkoff, P. (2017) ‘Re-evaluation of the WHO (2010) formaldehyde indoor air quality guideline for cancer risk assessment’, Archives of Toxicology, 91(1), 35–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1733-8
Nisa, G., Shah, B.A., Shahdad, S., Jan, N., Samoon, S., Ahmad, S.(2016) Acute toxic effects of formalin on first year MBBS students during dissection in Gross anatomy laboratory. J Dent Med Sci, 15(8): 56–59. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1508115659
Ruschena, L. J. (2012) Control: Prevention and Intervention reparedness. First, The Core Body of Knoweldge for Generalist OHS Professionals. First. Australia: The Safety Institute of Australia Ltd, Tullamarine, Victoria. Available at: https://ocw.ui.ac.id/pluginfile.php/13241/mod_folder/content/0/34_Control_Prevention_and_Intervention.pdf.
Sinnige, J. S., Kooij, F. O., van Schuppen, H., Hollmann, M. W., & Sperna Weiland, N. H. (2021). Protection of healthcare workers during aerosol-generating procedures with local exhaust ventilation. British journal of anaesthesia, 126(6), e220–e222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2021.02.032
Zdilla M. J. (2021). Local exhaust ventilation systems for the gross anatomy laboratory. Morphologie : bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes, 105(350), 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2020.11.002
Zdilla M. J. (2022). Creating an inexpensive yet effective downdraft table for a gross anatomy laboratory: Proof-of-concept. Morphologie : bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes, 106(352), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2021.02.009
Adamović, D., Čepić, Z., Adamović, S., Stošić, M., Obrovski, B., Morača, S., & Vojinović Miloradov, M. (2021). Occupational Exposure to Formaldehyde and Cancer Risk Assessment in an Anatomy Laboratory. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(21), 11198. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111198
Allison, J. R., Dowson, C., Pickering, K., Červinskytė, G., Durham, J., Jakubovics, N. S., & Holliday, R. (2022). Local Exhaust Ventilation to Control Dental Aerosols and Droplets. Journal of dental research, 101(4), 384–391. https://doi.org/10.1177/00220345211056287
Asgharian, B., Price, O. T., Schroeter, J. D., Kimbell, J. S., & Singal, M. (2012). A lung dosimetry model of vapor uptake and tissue disposition. Inhalation toxicology, 24(3), 182–193. https://doi.org/10.3109/08958378.2012.654857
Azari, M. R. and Asadi, P. (2012) ‘Occupational Exposure of a Medical School Staff to Formaldehyde in Tehran’, Tanaffos, 11(3), pp. 36–41.
BAN-PT (2021) Data Akreditasi, BAN-PT. Available at: https://www.banpt.or.id/direktori/prodi/pencarian_prodi.php
CDC and NIOSH (2013) ‘Occupational Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium - Criteria for a Recommended Standard’, p. 111. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2013-128/pdfs/2013_128.pdf
CDC and NIOSH (2014) Controlling Formaldehyde Exposures During Embalming. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/hazardcontrol/hc26.html (Accessed: 3 March 2022)
Demer, F., Notary, y J. R. (1999) ‘Effective Local Exhaust Ventilation for Controlling Formaldehyde Exposures in a Gross Anatomy Laboratory’, En AIHce 1996 - Health Care Industries Papers. AIHA, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3320/1.2765021 .
Health and Safety Authority Ireland (HSAI) (2014) Local Exhaust Ventilation (LEV) Guidance. Dublin: The Health & Safety Authority. Available at: https://www.hsa.ie/eng/Publications_and_Forms/Publications/Occupational_Health/Local_Exhaust_Ventilation_LEV_Guidance.pdf
Kunugita, N. et al. (2004) ‘Evaluation of Formaldehyde Exposure During A Gross Anatomy Dissection Course’, Journal of UOEH, 26(3), 337–48. https://doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.26.337
Liteplo RG, et al. (2002) Formaldehyde. Geneva: International Programme on Chemical Safety; 2002. [18 May 2010]. (Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 40) (http://www.inchem.org/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm.
Lorenzoni, D. C. et al. (2017) ‘Could formaldehyde induce mutagenic and cytotoxic effects in buccal epithelial cells during anatomy classes?’, Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal, 22(1), e58–e63. https://doi.org/10.4317/medoral.21492
Nielsen, G. D., Larsen, S. T. and Wolkoff, P. (2013) ‘Recent trend in risk assessment of formaldehyde exposures from indoor air’, Archives of Toxicology, 87(1), 73–98. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-012-0975-3
Nielsen, G. D., Larsen, S. T. and Wolkoff, P. (2017) ‘Re-evaluation of the WHO (2010) formaldehyde indoor air quality guideline for cancer risk assessment’, Archives of Toxicology, 91(1), 35–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-016-1733-8
Nisa, G., Shah, B.A., Shahdad, S., Jan, N., Samoon, S., Ahmad, S.(2016) Acute toxic effects of formalin on first year MBBS students during dissection in Gross anatomy laboratory. J Dent Med Sci, 15(8): 56–59. https://doi.org/10.9790/0853-1508115659
Ruschena, L. J. (2012) Control: Prevention and Intervention reparedness. First, The Core Body of Knoweldge for Generalist OHS Professionals. First. Australia: The Safety Institute of Australia Ltd, Tullamarine, Victoria. Available at: https://ocw.ui.ac.id/pluginfile.php/13241/mod_folder/content/0/34_Control_Prevention_and_Intervention.pdf.
Sinnige, J. S., Kooij, F. O., van Schuppen, H., Hollmann, M. W., & Sperna Weiland, N. H. (2021). Protection of healthcare workers during aerosol-generating procedures with local exhaust ventilation. British journal of anaesthesia, 126(6), e220–e222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2021.02.032
Zdilla M. J. (2021). Local exhaust ventilation systems for the gross anatomy laboratory. Morphologie : bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes, 105(350), 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2020.11.002
Zdilla M. J. (2022). Creating an inexpensive yet effective downdraft table for a gross anatomy laboratory: Proof-of-concept. Morphologie : bulletin de l'Association des anatomistes, 106(352), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.morpho.2021.02.009
Statistics
284 Views | 197 Downloads
How to Cite
Mardhiyah, D., Elengoe, A., Nambiar, N., & Erwin, E. (2024). Effectiveness of Cadaver Tables with Local Exhaust Ventilation in Reducing Formaldehyde Levels. International Journal of Advancement in Life Sciences Research, 7(1), 51-64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31632/ijalsr.2024.v07i01.006
Section
Research Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
.